Mining is now officially recognized as a type of entrepreneurial activity, and the Federal Tax Service maintains a register of miners and mining infrastructure operators. The requirements for the reputation of the participants, reporting and taxation have been established. There are special rules for legal entities: they are required to disclose information about the received cryptocurrency, wallet addresses, equipment models, and timely report to the tax authorities.
It is important to understand that not all regions are ready to accept mining. Restrictions on connection to the Unified Energy System have been introduced in 10 regions of the Russian Federation, including Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia and the Donetsk People's Republic. However, the ban does not apply to the use of alternative energy sources such as solar, gas or local generators.
Statistics show that interest in the industry is growing. At the beginning of 2025, there are more than 136 thousand mining farms in the country, and the growth compared to last year was 7%. The leaders in equipment placement are Irkutsk region, Moscow, Bashkortostan and Samara region. Activity is growing especially rapidly in the Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions.
Big business also did not stay away. Some enterprises use existing facilities and sites to launch mining farms. Among them are Gazpromneft, Rosenergoatom, Tulachermet and Norilsk Nickel. This allows you to load excess capacity and efficiently use resources, including associated gas and energy from nuclear power plants or hydroelectric power plants.
The tax reform complemented the changes in legislation. Since 2025, mining is subject to taxation at an income tax rate of 25%. The cryptocurrency obtained as a result of mining is accounted for as non-operating income. At the same time, transactions with digital assets are exempt from VAT. Equipment and electricity costs are included in indirect costs, and losses can be carried over to future periods — but only as part of cryptocurrency transactions.
The issue of determining the moment of income recognition deserves special attention. Given the specifics of payments from mining pools and different conditions, miners record the moment of income in different ways: either at the time of receipt of funds to their own wallet, or to the pool's wallet. While the tax service has not provided unambiguous explanations, market participants are guided by their internal rules.
As for technology, Bitcoin, Litecoin and Dogecoin are mainly mined in Russia. BTC accounts for almost half of all mining operations. For mining, mainly specialized ASIC devices are used, consuming from 3.5 to 4 kW, with computing power up to 230 TH/s.
At the global level, Russia occupies from 5 to 15% of the global hashrate, second only to the United States and China. Conditions are being created in the country to strengthen these positions: from tax incentives to projects based on large industrial enterprises.
Bottom line: mining in Russia is turning from a shadow segment into a structured and regulated industry. This area is now not only legal, but also profitable: it stimulates digitalization, the development of energy infrastructure and creates new jobs. With a sound government policy and support for alternative energy, Russia can claim a leading role in the global crypto industry.
