Only three digital currencies will be allowed to be publicly traded: Bitcoin, Ethereum and Tether USDT. A resident who is not a qualified investor will be entitled to purchase them through a broker for a total amount of no more than 300 thousand rubles per calendar year.
The restrictions have been prepared in compliance with the norms of Federal Law No. 282-FZ dated 08/04/2026, which will be effective on September 1, 2026. The draft instruction of the Bank of Russia has been submitted for public discussion until August 24.
To purchase on behalf of such a resident, the broker will have to comply with other conditions. One of them is that a resident individual must successfully pass a special test.
For the participants of foreign economic activity, the framework in which this project is embedded is important. Law No. 282-FZ consolidated the status of digital currency as property and allowed crypto payments under foreign trade agreements between residents and non—residents, as an exception to the general ban on using it for payments within the country. The current directive regulates a different circuit: retail purchase through a broker at organized auctions.
The separation of the two modes is fundamental. Foreign trade settlement and exchange purchase live by different rules, and the limit of 300 thousand rubles applies to the latter. Companies that consider the crypt as a tool for settlements with a foreign supplier should focus on the rules on foreign trade agreements, and not on this indication.
The choice of three assets sets the benchmark for the entire market. Tether USDT is a stablecoin pegged to the dollar, and it is the one that most often appears in cross—border settlements. Its admission to organized trading means that the regulator sees it as a working tool, not as a marginal asset.
What a business should do. By September 1, figure out which contour you are working in: settlements under a foreign trade agreement or an investment purchase. Financial services should take into account that starting from September 1, the crypt on the balance sheet is accounted for and taxed as property. The final version of the directive should be monitored: the discussion closes on August 24, with a week left before the law starts.
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